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KMID : 0391520160240030129
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Journal of the Korean Child Neurology Society
2016 Volume.24 No. 3 p.129 ~ p.135
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Diagnostic Approaches of Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Excessive Daytime Sleepiness
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Kang Jun-seok
Kim Ko-woon
Kwon Soon-Hak
Seo Hye-Eun
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Abstract
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Purpose: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a key symptom of various sleep disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea, and insomnia. In addition, EDS can negatively impact a broad range of activities in children. Therefore the aim of this study is to evaluate clinical features and diagnosis of disorders that cause EDS in children.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed medical records of children and adolescents who were presented with excessive daytime sleepiness at two institutions from March 2011 to October 2015. To check the sleep habits, sleep problems and the degree of subjective daytime sleepiness, parents and patients filled out the sleep questionnaires. Subjects had polysomnography (PSG), multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) or actigraphy to get objective measures of sleep disorders.
Results: Subjects included 10 boys and 6 girls, with a mean age of 12.3 years. In addition to EDS, abnormal limb movement, snoring, sleep apnea, cataplexy were reported. Five patients showed decreased mean sleep latency and two or more sleep onset Rapid Eye Movement period (SOREMP), which was compatible with narcolepsy. Apnea-hyponea index was increased in 3 subjects and periodic limb movement index was increased in 2 children, they were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea and periodic limb movement disease respectively. One subject who had actigraphy showed delayed sleep phase disorder.
Conclusion: It appears that the presence of EDS is associated with various sleep disorders, so children with EDS should be assessed and evaluations are needed. Sleep questionnaire is important screening tool. In addition, objective tests are also needed to confirm the diseases.
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KEYWORD
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Excessive daytime sleepiness, Hypersomnolence, Sleep disorder, Children, Adolescents
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